《原畫作介紹》

曳船上岸
侯瑟‧納瓦歐‧羅倫斯（西班牙，1867-1923）
作品年代不詳
油彩、畫布移轉到木板上

Pulling the Boat Ashore
José Navarro y LLORENS(Spanish, 1867-1923)
Undated
Oil on canvas laid down on board
 

西班牙畫家侯瑟‧納瓦歐‧羅倫斯（José Navarro y Llorens, 1867-1923）出生於瓦倫西亞（Valencia），深受西班牙浪漫主義與印象派大師佛圖尼（Mariano Fortuny, 1838-1874）與索羅亞（Joaquín Sorolla, 1863-1923）的影響。羅倫斯尤其擅長捕捉陽光的閃爍散射、海面的清亮反光，或中東北非地域艷陽下的明亮色彩。本幅作品便屬於他所偏好的陽光海景題材。

全畫以清亮的藍色為主，平塗的長筆刷與薄層淺淡灰藍形塑出海天交融之景，惟略深的一筆藍線帶出畫面上方約五分之一處的海天交界。畫家僅用兩、三筆點、頓、短撇等示意性線條傳神地勾勒出航行海面的船隻與群聚遠方淺灘上的帆船與人影，而點綴其中的黃褐讓整體顯得尤其生動熱鬧。平和有如鏡面般的海水映照著豔陽，白花花的光線漫射烘托出晴空下的水氣氤氳。畫面下方近三分之一處摻綠夾白與藍的堆疊頓筆描繪出淺浪打上沙灘的最後一絲力量，波動的筆觸線條與較厚的顏料表現出水波的起伏湧流，淹漫岸邊的水澤在畫面下方形成左下方往右上方的斜線，與沙灘上的木樁及小船從右下方到左上方的線條交錯，形成畫中動感最強的焦點所在。前景的孤船兩人與遠方的人船喧囂形成有趣對比。畫家在此細緻地勾勒出船中裝備器物與外突船身的船槳細桿，而勾勒船身的綠、紫、藍色寬長筆刷賦予了木船厚實的重量感，搭配著男子們一前一後、低蹲以背推移或環抱船尾拖拉的姿勢，生動地詮釋出使勁拖曳的情境。

遠景的一片水氣朦朧、中景的花白海面、前景的波光粼粼、背光陰影下的船身與其水中曲折倒影，及淺灘水澤上的反光，柔和舒緩地呈現出艷艷陽光、寬廣海面、徐徐清風與人聲船事所交織成的曼妙樂章。

José Navarro y Llorens (1867-1923) was born in Valencia. Deeply influenced by the masters of Spanish Romanticism and Impressionism, Mariano Fortuny (1838-1874) and Joaquín Sorolla (1863-1923), Llorens was especially gifted at capturing the iridescence of sunlight and the bright reflections on the surface of the sea or the vibrant colors under the glare of the sun in the Middle East and North Africa. This work features his favored themes of the sun and the sea.

A clear blue tone presides over the entire painting. The long flat brushstrokes and the shallow layers of gray-blue create a blending of the water and sky. A slightly darker blue line in the upper fifth of the picture denotes the meeting of the sea and horizon. The artist uses simple brushstrokes, dots, and short lines to clearly bring out the ships sailing on the sea, the yachts gathered on the shallow banks in the distance, and the silhouettes of people. The yellow and brown daubed here and there add a sense of activity and vividness to the scene. In addition, the blazing sun shines brightly on the calm mirror-like ocean, reflecting the surface in white. The luminous whiteness further brings out the watery vapor above the sea and a sense of wetness under the sky. About a third of the way from the bottom of the painting, green is interspersed between layers of white and blue, with short blunt strokes depicting the dying waves washing up on the sandy beach. The undulating lines and thicker paint shows the movement of the waves. The mark of the water flooding the beach is represented by a slanted line that goes from the bottom left up towards the upper right, which intersects with the wooden stake and the boat. Together, they create a crux in the painting that draws strong dynamic focus. The solitary boat with its two lonely occupants in the foreground forms an interesting contrast to the bustling crowd of people and boats in the distance. The artist depicted in detail the gear on the boat as well as its oars and mast. The broad brushstrokes of green, purple, and blue outline the boat and endow it with a sense of solid weight. In combination with the movements of the two men, one in the front pulling and holding firmly on to the tail of the boat, while another crouching low and pushing with his back from behind, the whole scene is imbued.

The misty water vapors in the background, the white foamy sea in the center, the sparkling light and dim shadow under the boat in the foreground, the complex reflections in the water and on the beach give a subtle presentation of a gentle tapestry of bright sunlight, broad sea vistas, calm breeze and people.